👉AIR CONDITIONING HVAC SYSTEM
An air conditioner HVAC system is the basic need of today's lifestyle. To maintain a comfortable environment one chooses to adapt air conditioner HVAC system.
Air conditioning HVAC system plays a vital role in day to day life, which provides comfort to humans but also maintains a temperature that promotes the proper smooth execution of high heat dissipation machine working under air-conditioned space.
As we know to keep the vehicle engine we use coolant, in the same way, air-conditioning HVAC system helps to cool the high heat rejecting equipment.
In this article, we will find the various type of air conditioning HVAC systems which are been used according to the requirement.
Those who are less aware of air conditioning HVAC let us make it clear that air conditioner is a device or a system that gives a cooling effect to the desired area with the four main components that are compressor, condenser, expansion device and evaporator using vapour compression refrigeration cycle.
👉CLASSIFICATION OF AIR CONDITIONING HVAC SYSTEM
Basically, an air conditioner is classified into two types:
Refrigerant is the chemical gas which is generally made of hydrochlorofluorocarbon or chlorofluorocarbon or hydrofluorocarbon.
Which can absorb the heat from the area which is to be cool and reject it outside as processed?
This property of a refrigerant help air conditioner to provide the cooling effect.
Hence it is divided into two i.e direct expansion and indirect expansion
👉Direct Expansion
In this, the refrigerant is directly responsible to cool the air of the desired area.
Well, directly responsible means low pressure and low temperature refrigerant liquid come directly in contact with the air which is to be cooled in the desired area.
Hence it is called direct expansion
👉Indirect Expansion
In this, the refrigerant is indirectly responsible to cool the air of the desired area.
Indirectly responsible means the refrigerant comes in direct contact with water and cools it. This cool water is then supplied to space which is cooled.
Cool water is been passed through coils and blower helps to give away cool air to the surrounding space.
Now will understand what are the systems which are been included in direct and indirect air conditioning HVAC system.
👉DIRECT EXPANSION SYSTEM
WINDOW AIR CONDITIONING HVAC SYSTEM
SPLIT AIR CONDITIONING HVAC SYSTEM
SPLIT AIR CONDITIONING HVAC SYSTEM
DUCTABLE SPLIT AIR CONDITIONING HVAC SYSTEM
PACKAGE AIR CONDITIONING HVAC SYSTEM
VRF/VRV
This is the air conditioner which falls under this category of direct expansion system.
👉INDIRECT EXPANSION SYSTEM
AIR COOLED CHILLER SYSTEM
WATER COOLED CHILLER SYSTEM
This is the air conditioner which falls under this category of indirect expansion system.
We will surely elaborate this, and will also understand everything in detail.
👉WINDOW AIR CONDITIONING HVAC SYSTEM
Basically, the foundation of the air conditioning HVAC system is vapour refrigeration air conditioning HVAC system.
The window air conditioner is like a box which has copper coils which connect compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator.
As the name suggests it was designed in a way that it was placed on the windows, hence it is named as window air conditioners.
It basically has two parts, the box of the air conditioner is placed partially outside the window and other parts inside the window.
In window air conditioning HVAC the condenser and compressor are placed outside the window and expansion device and evaporator placed inside the room as shown in the figure.
👉SPLIT AIR CONDITIONING HVAC SYSTEM
HI WALL
CASSETTE
FREE STAND /TOWER TYPE
Well split air conditioner is the advance version of the window air conditioning system.
Advancement is the removal of disadvantages of the previous system, Similarly split were introduce. As window air conditioning system has comparatively noisy due to compressor in the box, high maintenance, etc
As the name, split are the system which split the compressor and condenser outside the room in a box and evaporator and expansion device in another box connecting both boxes via copper coils.
HI WALL HVAC SYSTEM
CASSETTE HVAC SYSTEM
FREE STAND /TOWER TYPE HVAC SYSTEM
👉DUCT-ABLE SPLIT AIR CONDITIONING HVAC SYSTEM SYSTEM
IT IS BIGGER VERSION OF SPLIT AC WITH DUCT ATTACHING OPTION AND VENTILATION AS PER STD.
IT IS CEILING SUSPENDED AND CONCEALED TYPE HAVING CAPACITY 3 TO 25 TR
👉PACKAGE AIR CONDITIONING HVAC SYSTEM
IT IS A BIGGER VERSION OF WINDOW AC HAVING CAPACITY 3 – 125 TR
GENERALLY, CONSIST OF 1)AIR COOLED 2) WATER COOLED
Air-cooled package condensing unit is cooled by air and water-cooled package a condensing unit are cooled by water.
👉VRF/VRV
A VRF air conditioning HVAC system is a particular type of heat pump air conditioning HVAC system in which one outdoor unit can be connected to multiple indoor units.
Each indoor units is individually controllable by the user and a variety of unit styles can be mixed and matched to individual tendency req. e.g. hi wall, cassette and ducted unit.
This system consists of no. of air handling units(48 nos) connected to condensing or outdoor unit.
This system consists of no. of air handling units(48 nos) connected to condensing or outdoor unit.
The refrigerant flow is varied using either an inverter controlled variable speed compressor or multiple compressors of varying capacity in response to change in the cooling or heating requirement within the air-cooled space.
A large building can have about 50 to 60 units of indoors and 1000 mtr of refrigerant piping, the pipes will also be fitted with several control boxes for correct flow of refrigerant flow to the indoor unit.
Working principle
The indoor temperature sensor senses according to the actual load of the indoor unit controls the electronic expansion valve.
Which controls the flow of refrigerant via compressor speed according to change in the refrigerant pressure
In the way the indoor unit can adjust the needs automatically
4TR – 38 TR
FOR HEATING THE CYCLE IS REVERSED
ADVANTAGE
NO WASTE OF ENERGY
INDIVIDUAL CONTROL POSSIBLE
USES HFC REFRIGERANT, ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY
DISADVANTAGES
INCASE REFRIGERANT LEAKAGE IN ANY OF THE INDOOR, COMPLETE REFRIGERANT WILL RELEASE FROM CIRCUIT
NO VENTILATION
👉CHILLER AIR HANDLERS
AIR HANDLING UNIT
IT CONSIST OF LARGE BOX CONTAINING A BLOWER, HEATING AND COOLING COILS, FILTERS, ATTEANATOR AND DAMPERS.
CAPACITY 2000 CFM TO 100,000CFM
FAN MOTOR IS CONNECTED VIA BELT AND PULLEY
WITH DUCTS
👉FAN COIL UNIT
IT CONSIST OF HEATING AND COOLING COIL WITH FAN.
CAPACITY 2000 CFM
FAN MOTOR IS CONNECTED DIRECTLY.
DIRECT THROW
👉CHILLER
Å¡ IT CONSIST OF MULTI COMPRESSOR, MULTI CONDENSER BUT ONLY ONE EVAPORATOR WITH PIPING AND CONTROLS.
Å¡ CHILLER IS A MACHINE WHICH REMOVES HEAT FROM WATER VIA VAPOUR COMPRESSION CYCLE.
Å¡ THE CHILLED WATER FROM CHILLER IS DISTRIBUTED TO HEAT EXCHANGER OR COOLING COILS IN THE AHU AND HOT WATER IS RETURNED BACK TO THE CHILLER.
1)AIR COOLER CHILLER: IN THIS SYSTEM CONDENSING UNIT IS COOLED VIA AIR.
2)WATER COOLER CHILLER: IN THIS SYSTEM CONDENSING COIL ARE COOLED BY WATER employing COOLING TOWER.
CAPACITY RANGES OF CHILLERS
25 TR – 420 TR INDIA
15 TR -3500 TR GULF OR WESTERN
UPTO 6000TR NEW YORK
ADVANTAGES
LESS CONSUMPTION OF POWER AS WATER DENSITY LETS TO PUMP UP WITH 80% TO 90% SAVING OF THE RUNNING COST.
👉WATER COOLED CHILLER
A water cool chiller is the most efficient system than that of air cool chiller.
why😕??
basically, it comes under the category of wet bulb temperature whereas air cool chiller comes under dry bulb temperature.
hence if we compare both dry and wet temperature we will find wet bulb has less temperature hence it is, therefore, more efficient.
Now let us understand the process of water cool chiller.
As shown in the figure it clear that it consists of
cooling tower piping loops
👉APPLICATION OF WATER COOLED CHILLER
USED IN THE BUILDING WITH LESS FLOOR LIKE AIRPORT, LABS, HOSPITALS, CAMPUS,
THIS CHILLER ARE MOST EFFICIENT, EVEN IF OUTSIDE TEMP.IS 120°F
👉AIR COOLED CHILLER
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An air cool chiller is similar to water cool chiller the difference only is that for cooling the refrigerant at condenser instead of water loops natural cooling current of atmospheric air is used.
As condenser is been cooled by a natural current of air, it is quite natural that the air should have a high velocity to cool the system at a faster rate.
Hence it is been suggested to place it on a high rise roof where the velocity of the air is very high.
👉APPLICATION OF AIR COOLED CHILLER
High rise buildings which are placed on the rooftop because at high altitude velocity is very high.
Big malls.
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